Fabrication of in situ self-assembled MOF-on-MOF heterostructures and incorporation of biosynthesized CQD nanomaterial
RSC Advances, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1039/d6ra05669e
- Dergi Adı: RSC Advances
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Chemical Abstracts Core, Compendex, Directory of Open Access Journals
- Kütahya Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
With the rapid development of industry, organic dye pollution and heavy metal ion contamination pose a major threat to water safety. Furthermore, bacterial resistance and the difficulty of cancer treatments are among the leading problems encountered in the health sector. There is a growing need for fast and effective multifunctional nanomaterials to both prevent environmental pollution and address health problems. Carbon quantum dots (CQDs), with their high photoluminescence, low toxicity, and tunable surface chemistry, have emerged as versatile nanomaterials in sensing technologies. Additionally, metal–organic lattice structures (MOFs), with their high surface areas and tunable porous structures, possess tunable functionalities for molecular recognition and analyte enrichment. The synergistic integration of CQDs and MOFs in the development of multifunctional hybrid materials is a current research topic. In this study, CQDs obtained from banana peels, a common carbon-rich waste product, were combined into a hybrid structure with a MOF-on-MOF architecture to improve their optoelectronic properties and create synergistic interactions. The chemical structure of the synthesized composite material was determined using FTIR analysis, while properties such as surface morphology and average particle size were analysed using FE-SEM and TEM analyses, and crystal structure by XRD analysis. This composite structure has been used in studies on fluorescence sensor detection for heavy metal ion detection. In addition to fluorescence sensor studies, this composite structure has also been used in photocatalytic studies on the removal of azo-toxic dyes such as methylene blue (MB) from wastewater, in antibacterial studies, and in anticancer studies. After 150 minutes against MB, 91.63% photocatalytic activity was observed. The LOD value for Cr6+ detection in the hybrid material was calculated as 3.28 µM. The results obtained demonstrate that the developed CQD@MOF-on-MOF hybrid structure is a multifunctional nanoplatform exhibiting high performance in Cr6+ detection as a fluorescent sensor, organic dye removal through photocatalytic activity, and antibacterial and anticancer applications. This study shows that the hybrid material obtained with the MOF-on-MOF structure of CQDs synthesized from sustainable biomass sources is promising for environmental and biomedical applications.