Research Information System
CLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH, vol.36, no.S29, pp.179, 2025 (SCI-Expanded)
Objective: Fractal dimension (FD) analysis is a quantitative and objective method that provides information about the complexity of the region of interest (ROI). A correlation has been reported between the FD value and implant stability. The objective of this study was to compare the FDs of regenerated bone formed with xenograft and allograft.
Materials & Methods: The study was conducted retrospectively using a sample of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images from 98 patients (177 surgical sites), comprising 63 women and 35 men, with a mean age of 51.28 years. CBCT images of patients who underwent guided bone regeneration (GBR) using allograft or xenograft were superimposed with Dolphin 3D software. Preoperative and postoperative CBCT images of the surgical site in cross and sagittal sections after superimposition were saved in TIFF format. ROIs were selected preoperatively and postoperatively in cross sections, 1 mm away from the grafted area with a size of 25 * 25 pixels and 50 * 50 pixels in sagittal sections, using the ImageJ program. Another ROI with a size of 25 * 25 pixels was selected from the healing bone in cross- sections. FD analysis was subsequently performed on these ROIs.
Results: Of the surgical sites, 131 were grafted with allograft and 46 with xenograft. The statistical relationship between the FD values and graft type in cross sections was not significant; however, in sagittal sections, the FD values in xenograft group were statistically significantly higher than the FD values in allograft group (p < 0.05). Moreover, the FD value in bone regenerated with xenograft was statistically higher than that of allograft (Table 1).
Conclusion: The results of the study demonstrate that bone re generated with xenograft is more complex than bone regenerated with allograft. It should be evaluated the relationship between increasing FD value and primary stability in future studies.
Ethical Approval: We have received an ethical committee approval.
Disclosure of Interest: There was no conflict of interest. This study was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye (TUBITAK)- 2219 International Post- Doctoral Research Fellowship Programme.
Keywords: bone graft, bone remodeling, guided bone regeneration.