Pesticide analysis in hair samples of children with exogenous obesity from rural and urban areas


Can F., Bozmaoglu C. H., Koçak F. E., Bas V. N., DEĞİRMEN ŞİŞMAN E., GÜMÜŞTAŞ M., ...More

Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, vol.125, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 125
  • Publication Date: 2026
  • Doi Number: 10.1016/j.etap.2026.105064
  • Journal Name: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, BIOSIS, Chemical Abstracts Core, EMBASE, Environment Index, Greenfile, MEDLINE, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO)
  • Keywords: Children, Hair analysis, Obesity, Pesticide
  • Kütahya Health Sciences University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

This study assessed pesticide levels in hair from children with exogenous obesity. A total of 215 children aged 1–10 years with exogenous obesity residing in rural (n = 110) or urban areas (n = 105) for at least six months were included in the study. Hair samples (50–100 mg) collected from the occipital region of each child were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for a total 60 pesticides. A total of 22 pesticide-positive results were detected, including alachlor, oxamyl, deltamethrin and haloxyfop. The overall positive detection rate was 82%, with 84% in rural areas, and 81% in urban areas. Pesticide levels did not differ significantly between rural and urban areas. Bifenazate showed a significant area–gender interaction without pairwise differences; oxamyl showed only a significant gender effect, not area or interaction. This is the first comprehensive study in Turkey to analyze pesticides in children using hair samples, showing simultaneous exposure to multiple contaminants.